2013 Session: 206

• Ruggedness Study of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete Test Method AASHTO T336
  Abstract: A ruggedness study on AASHTO T336 was performed in order to evaluate the most likely factors to affect the test results. Seven factors were evaluated: time at temperature extremes, water level, position of the LVDT, number of segments, saturation criterion, specimen length and temperature of the first segment. Four laboratories participated and a total of five commercially made CTE devices from two different manufacturers were used. Two different concrete mixtures were used in this study. Based on the results obtained, saturation criterion was found to be the most significant factor. All the other factors, either were found not to have a significant impact on the tests results, have already been addressed in the most current version of the test method or, in the authors’ opinion don’t need to be addressed.
  Authors: Tanesi, Jussara; Gudimettla, Jagan M.; Crawford, Gary L.; Ardani, Ahmad Allen
  Authors: Tanesi, Jussara; Gudimettla, Jagan M.; Crawford, Gary L.; Ardani, Ahmad Allen
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-2167
  Practice-Ready: Yes
• Measurement and Prediction of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Concrete Pavement Design in Georgia
  Abstract: The study to investigate the relationship between Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE), aggregate type, gradations, and proportion of coarse and fine aggregate in mixture was conducted using the American Association of State Highways and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) T 336-11. Concrete specimens were fabricated in the laboratory to produce different mixes using Type I cement. Mix design variables were coarse and sand aggregate types, 2) fly ash type and content (Class C/Class F, High/Low), 3) air-entraining admixture (3%/6%), and 4) coarse aggregate contents (High Stone Volume/Low Stone Volume). For each combination of factors, five specimens from each batch were prepared for the CTE measurements and thus, total number of specimens tested in this study was 320. To properly account for the effect of aggregate content changes on the CTEs, the slump was held to approximately 2-inch on all the concrete mixture designs by adjusting the amount of water used in the mixes. The results showed that concretes composed of high stone volume of granite with manufactured sand have the lowest CTE while those composed of low stone volume of dolomite with siliceous natural sand have the highest CTE value. It implies that the stone volume, aggregate type, and sand type significantly affect the CTE value. In this study, a multiple regression model was also developed to estimate the CTE as a function of coarse aggregate and sand types and contents. The prediction model was validated with field cored specimens, and overall R-square value of the prediction model was over 86%.
  Authors: Kim, Sung-Hee; Jeong, Jin-Hoon
  Authors: Kim, Sung-Hee; Jeong, Jin-Hoon
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-2727
  Practice-Ready: Yes
• Investigation of Factors Affecting Surface Resistivity Through Ruggedness Testing
  Abstract: Many entities currently use permeability specifications in portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements and structures. Recent studies have shown surface resistivity testing correlates well with rapid chloride penetration (RCP) testing. The success of this research has led to surface resistivity testing on portland cement concrete cylinders being implemented in Louisiana. However, many of the studies have questioned the impact of various factors on surface resistivity measurements. This project investigates a ruggedness factorial using many of the factors in question to determine the level of impact of each factor. A partial factorial consisting of 35 combinations of factors was developed using eleven factors and sixteen mixtures. Some factors were mixture dependent, so RCP testing was also performed on a portion of the factorial to determine if factors influence the surface resistivity meter or permeability in general. The ruggedness study showed age and aggregate type as significant factors for surface resistivity. Additional comparisons against a control suggested age, calcium nitrite, aggregate size, and aggregate type as significant factors for surface resistivity. However, comparative RCP testing on the same sample sets concluded that all significant factors determined either affect the permeability of the sample in general or will influence rapid chloride permeability as well.
  Authors: Icenogle, Patrick; Rupnow, Tyson; Johnson, Katelyn
  Authors: Icenogle, Patrick; Rupnow, Tyson; Johnson, Katelyn
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-0727
  Practice-Ready: Yes
• Observed Variability in Tests of Fresh Concrete Propertiesfrom NHI Highway Materials Engineering Course
  Abstract: From 1990 to 2008 an integral component of the PCC module of the annual NHI Highway Materials Short Course was a series of independent and parallel evaluations of fresh and hardened properties for a single load of concrete. Up to six testing teams independently sampled concrete from the truck and tested the fresh concrete for temperature, slump, and air content by pressure and by volume meter. The experiment was repeated annually to demonstrate test procedures and the variability in test results for concrete from a single load. Results indicate the time-dependency in both slump and apparent air content, the relationship between slump and apparent air content, and the difference between air content as indicated by the AASHTO T152/ASTM C231 pressure air meter and the AASHTO T196/ASTM C173 volumetric air meter
  Authors: Hover, Kenneth Clark
  Authors: Hover, Kenneth Clark
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-5257
  Practice-Ready: Yes
• Investigation of Factors Affecting Surface Resistivity Through Ruggedness Testing
  Authors: Icenogle, Patrick
  Authors: Icenogle, Patrick
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-0727
• Ruggedness Study of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete Test Method AASHTO T336
  Authors: Tanesi, Jussara
  Authors: Tanesi, Jussara
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-2167
• Measurement and Prediction of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Concrete Pavement Design in Georgia
  Authors: Kim, Sung-Hee
  Authors: Kim, Sung-Hee
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-2727
• Measurement and Prediction of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Concrete Pavement Design in Georgia
  Authors: Jeong, Jin-Hoon
  Authors: Jeong, Jin-Hoon
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-2727
• Observed Variability in Tests of Fresh Concrete Properties from NHI Highway Materials Engineering Course
  Authors: Hover, Kenneth
  Authors: Hover, Kenneth
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Materials
  Session: 206
  Paper Number: 13-5257