2013 Session: 216

• Modulus of Soil Reaction Values Observed in Ohio Thermoplastic Pipe Deep-Burial Project
  Abstract: The researchers at Ohio University have examined various aspects of the buried pipe-soil interaction problem by analyzing the data they obtained during their thermoplastic pipe deep burial project. In this paper, the modulus of soil reaction (or the stiffness) of the backfill materials that enveloped the test pipes in the project is examined. This soil modulus is one of the key properties of the composite pipe-soil system that dictates how the pipe will perform. This property is usually selected from a published table that is arranged in terms of the soil type and the relative compaction achieved. This modulus has rarely been computed using the actual field pipe performance measurements. Analysis of the deep burial project data showed that a thin poorly-compacted zone existed in the backfill soil near the pipe-backfill soil interface. The contribution of this zone to the overall horizontal deflection of the pipe was greater when a relatively loose backfill material was placed around the corrugated pipes. The field data-based modulus values were reasonable for dense granular backfill materials but were higher than what was expected in light of both AASHTO-LRFD specifications and laboratory 1-D compression test results. No straightforward one-to-one correlation was determined between the relative compaction and the soil modulus. The Soil Stiffness Gauge (SSG) readings cannot directly represent the actual modulus values in the range of strains typically seen in buried pipe problems. Finally, the elastic solutions (particularly those under the full-bond interface) appear to be useful for estimating the modulus of the backfill soil.
  Authors: Masada, Teruhisa; White, Kevin
  Authors: Masada, Teruhisa; White, Kevin
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-0336
• Parametric Analysis of Corrugated Steel Plate Structures with Maximum Spans
  Abstract: Corrugated steel plate structures used for small bridges are commonly produced as single layer shell. When stiffness is not sufficient additional ribs are applied ( continuous or intermittent). Ribs are connected to the main barrel through bolts. For larger spans ribs can be filled with concrete giving so called EC ribs. The paper presents hybrid structure consisting of corrugated steel structure and pipes reinforced with concrete CFST (Concrete Filled Steel Tubular). This technology (CFST) is being currently used to construct arch bridges with large spans. Presented hybrid solution give comparable spans to newly developed solutions[5].
  Authors: Janusz, Leszek
  Authors: Janusz, Leszek
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-2523
• Staged Construction Modeling of Large-Diameter Steel Pipe Using Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis
  Abstract:

  Numerical analysis is performed to simulate the behavior of a buried steel pipe during staged construction installation. The model deflections during staged construction process are verified with two different experimental soil box test results. A parametric study on essential modeling parameters is performed to determine the proper modeling values for calibration. The finite element model and its associated analysis algorithm consider large deformation using total Lagrangian formulation. The material and contact nonlinear algorithms are also included in the analysis for both soil and steel pipe materials. The contact between each soil layer and soil-to-pipe is carefully implemented for master and slave contact surfaces to simulate the test results. Uniform calibrated temperature loading is applied to simulate the stresses induced due to compaction forces on the pipe and trench walls. Finally, the vertical and lateral load-deformation plots obtained from the FEM are compared with full scale experimental test results during the staged construction process and after application of surcharge load.

  Authors: Salehi Dezfooli, Mojtaba; Abolmaali, Ali; Razavi, Mohammad
  Authors: Salehi Dezfooli, Mojtaba; Abolmaali, Ali; Razavi, Mohammad
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-4573
• Modulus of Soil Reaction Values Observed in Ohio Thermoplastic Pipe Deep-Burial Project
  Authors: Masada, Teruhisa
  Authors: Masada, Teruhisa
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-0336
• Added Longevity with Thermoplastic Polymer-Coated Structural Steel Plate
  Authors: West, Anna
  Authors: West, Anna
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-1991
• Parametric Analysis of Corrugated Steel Plate Structures with Maximum Spans
  Authors: Janusz, Leszek
  Authors: Janusz, Leszek
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-2523
• Staged Construction Modeling of Large-Diameter Steel Pipe Using Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis
  Authors: Salehi Dezfooli, Mojtaba
  Authors: Salehi Dezfooli, Mojtaba
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-4573
• Added Longevity with Thermoplastic Polymer-Coated Structural Steel Plate
  Abstract:

  Basic corrugated steel pipes were invented in 1896 and have since evolved into buried steel structures with the possibility of spans reaching upwards of 120 ft (40 m). To meet 50 to 100 year design life requirements, galvanized and polymer laminate coatings have been developed to extend the life of the steel. In general, galvanized coatings perform well in hard water and non-abrasive conditions whereas polymer coatings perform well in these conditions plus salt-laden, soft water and moderately abrasive environments. To date, polymer laminate systems have been restricted to shallow corrugation profiles with maximum spans of approximately 12 ft (3.6 m), thus limiting greater spanned buried steel structures as a solution in less adverse environments. A new thermoplastic polymer system, comprised of a zinc rich primer and ethylene acrylic acid topcoat, has been developed enabling buried steel structures as a large span solution for adverse environments requiring design lives between 50 and 100 years.The coating has been used successfully since 2005 and recently completed a series of performance testing. Testing suggests thermoplastic polymer coating meets, and in most cases exceeds, the performance of galvanized and polymer laminated coatings. A performance guideline detailing a method for determining the estimated material service life of thermoplastic polymer systems has been developed based on these test results. This paper introduces the new thermoplastic polymer system and discusses the laboratory tests, performance guideline and field installations, enabling readers to gain an understanding of the applications this new coating facilitates.

  Authors: West, Anna Elizabeth; Williams, Kevin; Carroll, Phil
  Authors: West, Anna Elizabeth; Williams, Kevin; Carroll, Phil
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design; Geotechnology
  Session: 216
  Paper Number: 13-1991