2013 Session: 465

• Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from Traffic-Induced Deformation of Pavements
  Abstract: In the last decade, while the concern of the robustness of the roadways was increasing, the focus on sensing technology has significantly grown. The limit of power supply has become an impediment force of the research field of sensing technology. Recently, energy harvesting is more proved as a promoting solution. It also provides a new source of clean and renewable energy that can help reduce negative environmental impacts while contributing to improve roadway mobility. In this work, four common energy harvesting approaches are compared and piezoelectric energy harvesting is proposed. It is known as a stable technology converting kinetic energy into electricity. The sinusoidal energy power output from the random external excitation would be rectified and stored by interfacial circuit. PZT (Lead Zirconate Titanate) is widely used in piezoelectric energy harvesting systems due to its high cost-effectiveness. This work presents a maneuver of powering the transportation infrastructural facilities and monitoring electronics using piezoelectric energy harvesting technology. Comparison of coupling configuration, material selection and testing methodologies are also presented.
  Authors: Xiong, Haocheng; Wang, Linbing; Wang, Dong; Druta, Cristian; Guo, Dajin; Sun, Zhengfu
  Authors: Xiong, Haocheng; Wang, Linbing; Wang, Dong; Druta, Cristian; Guo, Dajin; Sun, Zhengfu
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-1388
• Thermoelectric Energy-Harvesting System Design Across Pavement Structure
  Abstract: The aging infrastructure requires a proactive strategy to ensure their functionality and performance. Innovative sensors are needed to develop infrastructures that are intelligent and durable. A power supply strategy is among the crucial components to reduce the instrument cost and to ensure the long term function of these embedded sensors. This paper describes the design of an energy harvest system that can be installed on the surface of pavements. The system will collect energy from the temperature difference between the pavement surface and the subgrade soil. The electronic circuit was designed to manage the voltage and power output, and store the energy for long term monitoring applications. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the system. This presents an innovative strategy for power supply in long term monitoring of pavement performance.
  Authors: Yu, Xiong; Wu, Guangxi
  Authors: Yu, Xiong; Wu, Guangxi
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-2829
• Use of Geothermal Deep Foundations for Bridge Deicing
  Abstract: Winter deicing practices reduce the longevity of bridge infrastructure making it difficult to achieve the national goal of a100-year or more bridge service life that was set by the Second Strategic Highway Research Program. The vast majority of these bridges are supported on deep foundations. The goal of this study is to evaluate the concept of using geothermal deep foundation (energy piles) to heat the bridge slab minimizing or eliminating the use of deicing salt. This concept has the advantage of using the required foundation elements to also function as heat exchangers with the surrounding soil that has approximately a constant temperature below a depth of 1 to 3 m (depending on the region). This paper describes a two dimensional finite element model used to assess the power demands needed to heat a typical bridge slab. Initially, the two dimensional model of a conventional bridge (not incorporating the geothermal system) was validated using a case study for a bridge in Rhode Island where the temperature of the bridge slab was monitored for about one year. Once validated, the model was extended to include the effects of geothermal deep foundations for the weather condition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as an example. Analyses were conducted to simulate the performance of the geothermal system with and without preheating of the bridge slab before the snow or ice formation event.
  Authors: Suleiman, Muhannad T.
  Authors: Suleiman, Muhannad T.
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-4133
• AN ANNULAR CYLINDER SOURCE MODEL FOR HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH ENERGY PILES
  Abstract: A pile-anchored heat pump system can potentially be used as an environmentally friendly alternative to the conventional solutions for bridge deck deicing. Such a system can also be useful during summer to reduce thermal distress of concrete bridge decks. Quantification of ground temperature variation due to heat transfer through energy piles is important for efficient design of these piles. Available idealized heat source models, which assume constant heat flux along the length of a heat exchanger element, cannot be used to evaluate ground temperature response during the operation of an energy pile. An annular cylinder heat source model that can realistically simulate heat transfer through an energy pile is proposed in this paper. The proposed model can capture the effects of fluid circulation rate and variable heat flux on temperature variation in soil surrounding an energy pile. A finite difference code is developed for simultaneous solution of partial differential equations describing heat transport in pile and soil. Results show that both the temperature of heat carrier fluid and the heat flux decrease along the length of an energy pile. Comparison of results from the proposed model with those obtained using previously available heat source models shows that the use of a constant heat flux along the entire length of an energy pile would significantly overestimate the change in ground temperature. The temperature difference between the two ends of a circulation tube increases as the fluid circulation rate decreases.
  Authors: Ghasemi Fare, Omid; Basu, Prasenjit
  Authors: Ghasemi Fare, Omid; Basu, Prasenjit
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-4949
• Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from Traffic-Induced Deformation of Pavements
  Authors: Xiong, Haocheng
  Authors: Xiong, Haocheng
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-1388
• Thermoelectric Energy-Harvesting System Design Across Pavement Structure
  Authors: Wu, Guangxi
  Authors: Wu, Guangxi
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-2829
• Use of Geothermal Deep Foundations for Bridge Deicing
  Authors: Suleiman, Muhannad
  Authors: Suleiman, Muhannad
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-4133
• AN ANNULAR CYLINDER SOURCE MODEL FOR HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH ENERGY PILES
  Authors: Ghasemi Fare, Omid
  Authors: Ghasemi Fare, Omid
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Geotechnology; Pavements
  Session: 465
  Paper Number: 13-4949