2013 Session: 692

• Bus Commuters’ Jobs-Housing Balance in Beijing: Exploration Using Large-Scale Synthesized Smart Card Data
  Abstract: Could smart-card data collected by the public transportation agency be used to estimate bus commuters’ workplace and residence locations and jobs-housing balance when supplementing with extra data? If so, how? Massive smart card data were queried using computer programs to get 216,844 bus commuters’ workplace and residence locations in Beijing. Resulting data enabled a jobs-housing study of bus commuters in the metropolis with a much larger sample size than most existing studies. Using local expert consultations, field trips and information provided by on-line housing search engines to supplement the location information, this study has also established five land-use prototypes of jobs-housing imbalance and proposed countermeasures to address the imbalance. Smart card data can be used to obtain bus commuters’ workplace and residence locations and to study their jobs-housing balance and related issues when enhanced with extra low-cost or free data. Beijing’s bus commuters (a) have a shorter actual required commuting (ARC) and minimum required commuting (MRC) than commuters in four other auto-dependent western cities with comparable population and/or land use sizes; (b) have a longer ARC and MRC than commuters of all modes in Guangzhou, another metropolis in South China that is half of the land/population sizes of Beijing. To other researchers who want to use smart card data to conduct more studies, this study provides a good example and a generic roadmap regarding how to enhance the value of smart card data with complementary data available on line, field trips and local expertise.
  Authors: Zhou, Jiangping; Long, Ying
  Authors: Zhou, Jiangping; Long, Ying
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-1680
• Disaggregate Vehicle Ownership Behavior Model of Indian Households
  Abstract: Developing disaggregate vehicle ownership models for a developing country is a challenging process due to lack of reliable data. Household income data, which is predominantly used across the developed countries to represent economic standard, may not be reliable in developing countries due to several reasons. In this paper, a disaggregate vehicle ownership model is developed for India by using per capita regular expenditure as a proxy for economic standard. The paper evaluates the effect of various socio-economic factors on the private vehicle ownership behaviour of Indian households. It is found that economic standard and household size are the two most important determinants of private vehicle ownership behaviour in India. The paper also illustrates that for developing countries, where income data may not be reliable, regular expenditure data could be used as a proxy for economic standard for various studies.
  Authors: Dash, Sarojeet; Vasudevan, Vinod; Singh, Sanjay Kumar
  Authors: Dash, Sarojeet; Vasudevan, Vinod; Singh, Sanjay Kumar
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-3474
• Time-Series Comparison of Joint Mode and Destination Choice Models in an Ever-Changing Transportation Environment in Jakarta, Indonesia
  Abstract: Following the analysis of the household auto/motorcycle ownership and mode choice models that were presented last year, this paper particularly presents the results of household auto/motorcycle ownership and mode choice models that were developed based on the two large-scale travel surveys conducted eight years apart from each other, compares the models, and discusses implications of the changes that have been made in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area in the last decade. Interpretation of the effects of different types of variables including basic travel, household, and individual characteristics as well as zonal attributes in the models estimated for 2002 and 2010 led to several interesting insights in light of the change in the transportation environment as well as the increase in complexity of the travel behavior in Jakarta. So long as the context of the society will not change, both models should remain unchanged with fixed parameters over a period of time. However, the models that were estimated based on the surveys conducted nearly a decade apart have indicated quite different parameters with different degrees of significance. As was found in the comparison that was made last year, transferability of those disaggregate choice models may not always apply in urban areas of the developing world such as Jakarta, even though the model structure may remain the same. Such implications may also be important and hence worth studying for other urban areas of the developing world though similarities may be restricted to regions that share modal and cultural norms in common.
  Authors: Yagi, Sadayuki; Nobel, Deo; Kawaguchi, Hirohisa
  Authors: Yagi, Sadayuki; Nobel, Deo; Kawaguchi, Hirohisa
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-4478
• Modeling Car Ownership in Urban Areas of Developing Countries: Case Study of Bogotá, Colombia
  Abstract: This paper analyzes the determinants of household car ownership in Bogotá, Colombia, based on disaggregate data from mobility surveys undertaken in 1995 and 2005. The development of discrete choice models (multinomial logit and ordered logit) allows disentangling the individual effect of income, household size and location variables. The results show that income has the greatest impact on car ownership with an aggregate-level elasticity between 0.908 and 1.110. At the same time, the impact of other variables is relatively low because income acts as a major limitation to car ownership. Comparing the results in both years, distance-to-work was found to have a negative effect on car ownership in 1995 but a positive effect in 2005, suggesting an interesting area for further research. Additionally, population density was found to have a negative effect in 1995 but no effect in 2005, indicating an uncertain role for densification strategies to reduce car ownership. Finally, a higher quality of public transportation was found to have no significant effect on car ownership.
  Authors: Gómez-Gélvez, Julián Andrés; Obando, Catalina
  Authors: Gómez-Gélvez, Julián Andrés; Obando, Catalina
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-4689
• Important Aspects to be Considered in Household Travel Surveys in Developing Countries
  Abstract: This paper discusses the characteristics and aspects to be considered in the process of doing Household Travel Surveys (HTS) in developing countries. The main differences with the HTS conventional approach (to interview people by telephone or mail) are highlighted. All this is accomplished with a case study where is presented the HTS methodology used in the Medellin (Colombia) metropolitan area in 2011-2012 using a sample of 20,000 face-to-face interviews. The results of the HTS are presented and analyzed for the case study. It was found a low number of trips per inhabitant (1.7). It is relevant the modal split in a city with a restriction of using the car according the license every peak period in weekdays but with a great number of taxis, near to eight thousand per million of inhabitants. The paper also shows the difficulties that the interviewers had to deal with to do the surveys: planning process, accessibility to households due to different social aspects (e.g. safety, fear, social events, international sport events), security problems, among others. Finally, considerations about the cost of this type of studies and challenges for future modeling are presented
  Authors: Sarmiento, Ivan; Cordoba-Maquilon, Jorge Eliecer; Diaz, Claudia; Gonzalez-Calderon, Carlos Alberto
  Authors: Sarmiento, Ivan; Cordoba-Maquilon, Jorge Eliecer; Diaz, Claudia; Gonzalez-Calderon, Carlos Alberto
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-5197
• Bus Commuters' Jobs-Housing Balance in Beijing: Exploration Using Large-Scale Synthesized Smart Card Data
  Authors: Zhou, Jiangping
  Authors: Zhou, Jiangping
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-1680
• Disaggregate Vehicle Ownership Behavior Model of Indian Households
  Authors: Dash, Sarojeet
  Authors: Dash, Sarojeet
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-3474
• Time-Series Comparison of Joint Mode and Destination Choice Models in an Ever-Changing Transportation Environment in Jakarta, Indonesia
  Authors: Yagi, Sadayuki
  Authors: Yagi, Sadayuki
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-4478
• Modeling Car Ownership in Urban Areas of Developing Countries: Case Study of Bogota, Colombia
  Authors: Gómez-Gelvez, Julian
  Authors: Gómez-Gelvez, Julian
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-4689
• Important Aspects to be Considered in Household Travel Surveys in Developing Countries
  Authors: Gonzalez-Calderon, Carlos
  Authors: Gonzalez-Calderon, Carlos
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: International Activities; Planning and Forecasting
  Session: 692
  Paper Number: 13-5197