2013 Session: 782

• Modeling In Situ Performance of Culvert Joints in a Pavement Structure
  Abstract: The Saskatchewan Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure (MHI) is responsible for approximately 65,000 culverts. Under typical field state conditions, corrugated steel pipe (CSP) culverts have a design life of approximately 30 years. These culverts can pull apart at the joints due to the level of friction between the culvert and surrounding soil, causing the culvert and ultimately the road to fail. This study employed a computational road model to investigate the strain behaviour along the culvert-road soil interface and to examine the mechanisms by which culvert joints pull apart. Two pavement structures were modeled in two different moisture conditions: a primary and secondary road structure, in both wet and dry moisture states. The secondary road structure in a wet moisture condition state had overall higher magnitudes of shear and horizontal strains compared to the other road structures and condition states. From a dry to wet moisture condition state on the secondary road shear strain increased by 119%, the horizontal strain in the longitudinal direction increased by 114%, and the horizontal strain in the transverse direction increased by 116%. This research showed that the horizontal strain in the longitudinal direction was greater in magnitude for the wet moisture condition states in comparison to the dry moisture condition states. Improved mechanistic modeling of culverts in diverse field state conditions could significantly assist road engineers to better design culvert installations. Accurately modeling and diagnosing culverts non-destructively could also help identify early signs of structural failure, which would enable road agencies to implement a proactive methodology for culvert remediation.
  Authors: Soares, Roberto; Sharipov, Farukh; Marjerison, Brent L.; Wandzura, Colin; Berthelot, Curtis F.
  Authors: Soares, Roberto; Sharipov, Farukh; Marjerison, Brent L.; Wandzura, Colin; Berthelot, Curtis F.
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design
  Session: 782
  Paper Number: 13-1048
• Behavior of Bell and Spigot Joints in Buried Reinforced-Concrete Pipelines
  Abstract: The behavior of joints in reinforced concrete pipes when buried and subjected to service live loading needs to be assessed to define the expected response of these elements. Excessive rotation and/or shear across the joint could generate leakage and subsequent loss in soil support which can bring the system to its serviceability or resistance limits. Two reinforced concrete pipelines with bell and spigot joints, one 600 mm (24 in.) and the other 1200 mm (48 in.) in diameter, were buried and subjected to surface loads. The pipelines were examined under AASHTO Type 2 installation conditions, at two burial depths, and applying the maximum service live loading at three independent locations above the pipeline. In addition, the smaller specimen was tested under burial conditions not specified by AASHTO where the protruding bells were placed directly on the stiff foundation. Subsequently, each pipeline was tested up to and beyond the fully factored load at shallow cover under AASHTO Type 2 installation and applying the load directly over the central joint. The displacement of the joint and barrels for each pipeline was monitored employing reflective prisms, and strain gages were attached in the main joint and barrels of the 600 mm (24 in.) diameter specimen. The response of these joints due to variations of burial depth, burial conditions and loading locations when subjected to live loads is presented and discussed, and recommendations are made regarding development of structural design requirements for rigid pipe joints.
  Authors: Becerril Garcia, David; Moore, Ian D.
  Authors: Becerril Garcia, David; Moore, Ian D.
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design
  Session: 782
  Paper Number: 13-4577
• Behavior of Bell and Spigot Joints in Buried Thermoplastic Pipelines
  Abstract: Failures in joints are among the most common sources of problems in buried gravity flow pipelines. Poor performance of these elements can cause infiltration and exfiltration, which leads to soil erosion and eventually serviceability or strength limits states for the soil-structure system. To prevent this, joints should be designed to adequately accommodate the demands generated under normal loading conditions. However, such demands are not clearly understood, since joint behavior has received scant attention. Thus the goal of this research is to examine the response of joints in two thermoplastic pipelines employed in gravity flow applications when subjected to live loading. The specimens examined were a 1500 mm (60 in.) diameter High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipeline and a 900 mm (36 in.) diameter Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipeline, both specimens with gasketed bell and spigot joints. Two burial depths and three different loading locations were examined for each pipeline buried according to AASHTO Type 2 installation. Moreover, two installations not specified by AASHTO were examined for the PVC specimen, which featured voids in the bedding under the joint. Finally, each specimen was loaded directly over the joint up to and beyond fully factored loads to observe the joint performance under this condition and the final failure mode of the pipelines. The specimens were instrumented with string potentiometers and reflective prisms to monitor changes in diameter in the joint and barrels, and to obtain patterns of vertical displacements along the pipeline. The observed response for each pipeline is presented and discussed here and recommendations are made regarding the development of structural design procedures.
  Authors: Becerril Garcia, David; Moore, Ian D.
  Authors: Becerril Garcia, David; Moore, Ian D.
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Paper
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design
  Session: 782
  Paper Number: 13-4591
• Tunnel in Karpacz
  Authors: Janusz, Leszek
  Authors: Janusz, Leszek
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design
  Session: 782
  Paper Number: 13-1048
• Behavior of Bell and Spigot Joints in Buried Reinforced-Concrete Pipelines
  Authors: Moore, Ian
  Authors: Moore, Ian
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design
  Session: 782
  Paper Number: 13-4577
• Behavior of Bell and Spigot Joints in Buried Thermoplastic Pipelines
  Authors: Moore, Ian
  Authors: Moore, Ian
  Year: 2013
  Document Type: Presentation
  Subject: Bridges and Other Structures; Design
  Session: 782
  Paper Number: 13-4591